Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: TLN1 interacts with NGFR and suppresses the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer by upregulating NGFR

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1802129

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism diagram of TLN1 influencing the progression of CRPC. TLN1 interacts with NGFR and suppresses the development of CRPC by regulating NGFR.

Article Snippet: Plasmid transfection TLN1 and NGFR small interference RNA designed by ( https://www.genechem.com.cn/proinfo/20.html ), using the scramble sequence of nonsense as a negative control (NC) group.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: TLN1 interacts with NGFR and suppresses the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer by upregulating NGFR

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1802129

Figure Lengend Snippet: The exploration of the potential regulatory mechanisms of TLN1 in CRPC. (A) RNA sequencing was performed in DU145 cells, comparing the number of protein-coding genes detected between the TLN1 knockdown group and the control group. (B) Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes, illustrating the changes in gene expression between TLN1 knockdown and control groups in DU145 cells. (C) Statistics of differentially expressed genes under TLN1 knockdown versus control conditions in DU145 cells. (D) Heatmap of differentially expressed genes, with color gradient representing gene expression levels—red indicates high expression and green indicates low expression. (E, F) NGFR upregulation at the mRNA and protein levels after TLN1 knockdown was verified by qPCR and Western blot, respectively. (G) Western blot analysis was employed to assess the effects of TLN1 knockdown on apoptosis and the PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways in DU145 and PC3 cell lines. (H) Expression profile of NGFR in PCa tissues based on analysis from the GEPIA2 database. (I) Western blot analysis was conducted to assess the expression of TLN1 and NGFR in the normal prostate cell line WPMY-1 and the CRPC cell lines DU145 and PC3. (J) Correlation analysis of TLN1 and NGFR expression in PCa was performed using the GEPIA3 database. (K) Molecular docking simulation results of TLN1 with NGFR. (L) Co-IP assay confirming the protein interaction between TLN1 and NGFR. (M, N) Knockdown efficiency of three NGFR-targeting plasmids was evaluated by qPCR and Western blot, respectively; shCtrl served as the negative control, while shNGFR-1, shNGFR-2, and shNGFR-3 represent NGFR-specific knockdown plasmids. Data were presented as mean with standard deviation. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Plasmid transfection TLN1 and NGFR small interference RNA designed by ( https://www.genechem.com.cn/proinfo/20.html ), using the scramble sequence of nonsense as a negative control (NC) group.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Knockdown, Control, Gene Expression, Expressing, Western Blot, Protein-Protein interactions, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Negative Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: TLN1 interacts with NGFR and suppresses the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer by upregulating NGFR

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1802129

Figure Lengend Snippet: Downregulation of NGFR promotes CRPC development in vitro . (A) CCK-8 assay demonstrates that knockdown of NGFR significantly promotes the proliferation of CRPC cell lines DU145 and PC3. The graph shows the changes in absorbance at 450 nm measured from day 1 to day 4. (B) Colony formation assay indicates that knockdown of NGFR markedly enhances the colony-forming ability of DU145 and PC3 cells. (C) Wound healing assay reveals that knockdown of NGFR significantly promotes the migration and wound closure capacity of DU145 and PC3 cells. (D) Transwell assay shows that knockdown of NGFR notably increases the migration and invasion abilities of DU145 and PC3 cells. Data were presented as mean with standard deviation. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Plasmid transfection TLN1 and NGFR small interference RNA designed by ( https://www.genechem.com.cn/proinfo/20.html ), using the scramble sequence of nonsense as a negative control (NC) group.

Techniques: In Vitro, CCK-8 Assay, Knockdown, Colony Assay, Wound Healing Assay, Migration, Transwell Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: TLN1 interacts with NGFR and suppresses the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer by upregulating NGFR

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1802129

Figure Lengend Snippet: The existence of NGFR is essential for the TLN1-induced regulation of CRPC. (A) The cell proliferation ability of CRPC cell lines DU145 and PC3 with mere NGFR knockdown, mere TLN1 knockdown, or both, was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. (B) The colony formation ability of DU145 and PC3 cells with mere NGFR knockdown, mere TLN1 knockdown, or both, was assessed by colony formation assay. (C) The migration and wound closure capacity of DU145 and PC3 cells with mere NGFR knockdown, mere TLN1 knockdown, or both, was assessed by Wound healing assay. (D) The migration and invasion capacity of DU145 and PC3 cells with mere NGFR knockdown, mere TLN1 knockdown, or both, was assessed by Transwell assay. Data were presented as mean with standard deviation. "ns" indicates a P-value > 0.05. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Plasmid transfection TLN1 and NGFR small interference RNA designed by ( https://www.genechem.com.cn/proinfo/20.html ), using the scramble sequence of nonsense as a negative control (NC) group.

Techniques: Knockdown, CCK-8 Assay, Colony Assay, Migration, Wound Healing Assay, Transwell Assay, Standard Deviation